一种棕囊藻的形态特征与毒素分析   总被引：42，自引：4，他引：38  

何家菀  施之新  张银华  刘永定  江天久  尹伊伟  齐雨藻 《海洋与湖沼》1999,30(2):172-179

于１９９７年１１月,在广东省汕头地区饶平县海面采集棕囊藻,采用显微观察和光谱分析方法,进行形态特征与毒素结构的研究。结果表明,该种藻具有两处不同的藻体形态：一种是不运动的球形群体,外具胶质被,群体内的细胞有近千至数万个,每个细胞有２－３个黄褐色的叶绿体;另一种是游动的单细胞,具有两根几乎等托的鞭毛和一根短的定鞭丝,常呈球形,将反复冻融或冷冻干燥的藻细胞经有机溶剂提取,用新鲜牛血球测定显示出强的溶血  相似文献   

厦门西港引发有害硅藻水华磷的阈值研究   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11  

林昱  林荣澄 《海洋与湖沼》1999,30(4):391-396

1995年10月,在厦门市国家海洋局第三海洋研究所的陆基水池中,应用海洋围隔生态系实验技术,研究了在无海流、盐度等因子干扰的情况下,磷的形态、分布及其与浮游植物生物量的相关性。结果表明,海水中的可溶性无机磷（DIP）随时间里指数函数减少。浮游植物生物量主要与可溶性无机磷密切相关：[Chl－a]=A×e-B[PO4],这种相关的浮游植物生物量表现2d左右的滞后现象。还探讨了限制浮游植物增殖的DIP的最低浓度为0．3－04μmol／L,从DIP表现浓度估算浮游植物可能达到的最大生物量为[Chl－a]=10mg／m3,并由此估算出引发中肋骨条藻赤潮的DIP的阈值为1．2μmol／L,作为赤潮预测预报的参考。  相似文献   

石生藻类,地衣,苔藓与碳酸盐岩持水性及生态意义   总被引：34，自引：0，他引：34  

曹建华  袁道先 《地球化学》1999,28(3):248-256

对藻类,地衣,芭藓生物财溶校样品及相应岩石样品进行了室内蒸发失水,主动吸水试验,结果表明：与无生物覆盖的岩石相比,有藻类生物覆盖的岩石表面失水量,吸水量分别提高１８．８,１．６倍,蒸发失水,主动吸水的时间分别延长４８％,５７％,持水量提高１６．６倍,有地衣生物覆盖的岩石表面失水量,吸水量分别提高２．９,１９．１倍,蒸发失水,主动吸水的时间分别延长３１％,１１９％,持水量提高２．９倍;有苔藓生物覆盖  相似文献   

4种海洋单胞藻生化组成的环境因子效应研究   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

李文权  黄贤芒  陈清花  郑爱榕  王宪  蔡阿根 《海洋学报》1999,21(3):59-65

在实验室模拟条件下,应用14C示踪法测定4种海洋单胞藻的光合作用速率,研究光、温度和营养盐等环境因子对藻类细胞生化组成的影响.结果表明,三角褐指藻、盐藻、中肋骨条藻和等鞭金藻适宜生长的光强范围为5.8×103～15×103lx.4种单胞藻光合作用速率随光强增加而增大,其中盐藻和等鞭金藻的光响应比较明显.随光强增加,4种单胞藻细胞的碳水化合物含量及其变化量呈增加趋势,而蛋白质含量及其变化量则减少,脂类含量变化很小.三角褐指藻、盐藻、中肋骨条藻和等鞭金藻最适生长温度分别为:14、26、21、26℃左右.在上述4个实验温度时,4种单胞藻光合作用速率最高,细胞内的碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂类含量及其变化量也达到最大值.三角褐指藻、盐藻、中肋骨条藻和等鞭金藻光合作用过程的表观活化能(E)分别为:23.2、38.5、22.4和61.7KJ/mol,温度系数(Q10)分别为:1.74、1.74.1.38和1.69.三角褐指藻和中肋骨条藻在氮磷比(N/P)为16时,盐藻和等鞭金藻在氮磷比为28时,光合作用速率最大.在N/P为16时,4种单胞藻细胞内的碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂类含量和变化量均达到最大值.  相似文献   

Estimation of new production in the North Sea: consequences for temporal and spatial variability of phytoplankton   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Richardson  Katherine; Pedersen  Flemming Bo 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1998,55(4):574-580

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Satellite and ship observations of Kuroshio warm-core ring 93A off Sanriku, northwestern North Pacific, in spring 1997     

Sei-Ichi Saitoh  Denzo Inagake  Kousei Sasaoka  Joji Ishizaka  Yukihiro Nakame  Toshiro Saino 《Journal of Oceanography》1998,54(5):495-508

Synoptic ship and satellite observations were performed of the Kuroshio warm-core ring (KWCR) 93A and its adjacent waters, off Sanriku, northwestern North Pacific, between early April and late June 1997. The temporal and spatial distribution of chlorophylla (Chl-a) and sea surface temperature in the study area were analyzed using data from ADEOS Ocean Color and Temperature Scanner (OCTS) and NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR). The objective of this study was to describe the temporal and spatial variability of the spring bloom and understand its relationship with the changes in the hydrographic structure of these waters in and around KWCR 93A. The maximum value of Chl-a concentration in the ring was less than 1 mg/m³ during April. The spring bloom in the ring occurred early in May and the relatively high maximum (>1.0 mg/m³) continued from early in May to mid-June. In late June, a ship-observed surface Chl-a concentration of less than 0.4 mg/m³ suggests that the spring bloom had already declined in and around KWCR 93A. Double spiral structures of warm and cold streamers appeared from late April to mid-May, which may have an influence on the occurrence of the spring bloom in and around the ring. In this episodic event, the warm streamer can maintain the available potential energy of the ring and the strength of upwelling around the ring. The cold streamer provided water with a high Chl-a concentration to the surface layer of the ring. In order to understand the temporal and spatial variability of Chl-a distribution in the ring, the behavior of the warm and cold streamers needs to be taken into consideration.  相似文献   

Estimation of standing stock of chlorophylla and primary production from remote-sensed ocean color in the Oyashio region, the Western subarctic Pacific, during the spring bloom in 1997     

Hiromi Kasai  Hiroaki Saito  Atsushi Tsuda 《Journal of Oceanography》1998,54(5):527-537

In order to examine the applicability of remotely-sensed ocean color for the estimation of phytoplankton biomass and primary production in the Oyashio region, the western subarctic Pacific, vertical distributions of chlorophylla concentration and primary production were observed in April and May 1997. Spring bloom was observed in both April and May, and the surface concentration of chlorophylla exceeded 40 mg m⁻³. The relationship between the standing stocks of chlorophylla within the layer from the sea surface to one optical depth (0–1/k layer) and the surface chlorophylla concentration is expressed as a Michaelis-Menten equation. The mean ratio of the standing stock of chlorophylla in the euphotic layer to that in the 0–1/k layer was 4.41, this ratio did not significantly differ from 4.61 which was obtained at homogeneous distribution of chlorophylla within the euphotic layer. These facts suggest that the distribution of chlorophylla could be assumed to be homogeneous in the euphotic layer during the spring bloom. Results of primary production measurements by simulatedin situ method were compared with those by an algorithm with two variables; chlorphylla and non-spectral PAR. Daily primary production in the euphotic layer estimated by the algorithm varied in a range of 38–274% of that estimated by incubation, although the primary productions by the algorithm agreed with those by the incubation at a half of stations. Primary production within the euphotic layer calculated using simply the surface data was the same as that estimated using vertical distribution of chlorophylla. These results show that the primary production in the euphotic layer may be estimated from the remote sensed measurements during the spring bloom in the Oyashio region.  相似文献   

细弱红翎菜(Solieria tenuis)的物种鉴定及其在青岛市琅琊台湾海域的生长调查研究          下载免费PDF全文

闫舒恒  王旭雷  王立军  顾文辉  解修俊  高山  羌玺  卓锦涛  郭梦林  刘雪华  王宗灵  王广策 《海洋与湖沼》2023,54(1):149-159

2021年7月末至10月初,位于黄海沿岸的青岛市西海岸新区琅琊台湾贡口拦海坝处出现大量悬浮生长的大型红藻。为明确该类群的分类地位,探究其生物学特征,对该处红藻群体展开了实地调研,并采集相关样本开展了形态鉴定和分子系统发育分析。该群体主要由一种红藻组成,藻体紫红色、圆柱形,质软多肉,高度可达20cm,不规则互生分枝,分枝基部强烈缢缩、顶端尖细;藻体主轴横截面观可见较小的含色素外皮层细胞以及较大的近圆形假薄壁细胞和分布在髓层中央的散乱、疏松的丝状细胞。结合分子标记rbc L和cox I基因的系统发育分析结果,该物种被鉴定为细弱红翎菜(Solieria tenuis Zhang et Xia)。与历史研究记录不同,贡口拦海坝处的细弱红翎菜群体缺乏固着器和繁殖结构,悬浮性营养生长,所在海域丰富的氮磷营养可能为其快速生长提供了物质基础,在生长高峰期该群体总生物量约6 t (干重),是一次局部区域性小规模“藻华”。细弱红翎菜的悬浮生态型和暴发性增殖现象表明该物种可能具有较强的环境适应性,其生理特征和潜在的生态风险需进一步关注。  相似文献   

A Comprehensive Review on Microalgae-Based Biorefinery as Two-Way Source of Wastewater Treatment and Bioresource Recovery     

Sumira Malik  Shristi Kishore  Jutishna Bora  Vishal Chaudhary  Anjali Kumari  Preeti Kumari  Lamha Kumar  Abhaya Bhardwaj 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2023,51(3):2200044

In the past few years, microalgae have gained huge recognition from the scientific community due to their potential applications in the production of a broad array of bio-based products varying from biofuels to nanoparticles. Due to their elevated growth rate, high tolerance to various types of abiotic stresses, and complex metabolic capacity, microalgae can be used as promising tools for the attainment of a circular bioeconomy. Moreover, they can simply utilize nutrients from wastewater for biorefinery purposes, resulting in resource recovery coupled with wastewater treatment. However, due to their sub-optimal yields and high production costs, microalgae-based bio-products have not yet been commercialized. This review provides insights into the employment of microalgae as an efficient bioresource for the treatment of wastewater with simultaneous enactment as a biorefinery to produce biofuels, biochar, bioplastic, fertilizers, and other high-value bioproducts. Furthermore, the application of microalgal nanoparticles in wastewater treatment and prospects for genetic modification of microalgae for enhanced biorefinery capabilities have also been briefly highlighted.  相似文献   

雷诺数对藻类垂向分布特性的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

安强  龙天渝  刘春静  雷雨  李哲 《湖泊科学》2012,24(5):717-722

为研究紊流水体中藻类的垂向分布特性,依据三峡水库次级河流回水段的水动力状况,自行设计了水流实验装置,选取次级河流回水区水华高发时段的气候状况和营养盐水平为实验条件,研究了雷诺数对蓝藻、绿藻和硅藻垂向分布的影响以及雷诺数对不同水深处藻类的悬浮和聚集行为的作用.研究结果表明:在水温为20℃、光照强度为5000 lx的富营养水体中,当断面平均流速在0～0.005 m/s、雷诺数在0～1750时,蓝藻主要悬浮聚集在0.2～0.8 m的表层水体中;而当断面平均流速在0.1～0.5 m/s、雷诺数在35000～175000时,硅藻主要悬浮聚集在0.2～0.8 m的表层水体中;与蓝藻和硅藻相比,绿藻适宜的雷诺数范围更宽,当断面平均流速在0～0.05 m/s、雷诺数在0～17500时,绝大部分的绿藻都能悬浮聚集在0.2～0.8 m的表层水体中.  相似文献